Comparative Study on the Biochemical Effects of Gin and Lager Beer, and their concomitant Administration with Tramadol in Wistar Rats.
Author(s): Victor Samson Ekam, Echu Francis Obun, Igbang Jerome Okputu*, Kevin Douglas Abang
Abstract
Background: Tramadol is a synthetic opiate drug primarily used in treating mild to severe pain. It abuse among youth in concomitant intakes with alcoholic beverages like gin and lager beer is associated with changes in biochemical parameters such as, lipid profile, haematological parameters, liver enzymes, urea and creatinine levels, antioxidant, electrolytes concentration, changes in growth rate and body weight as well as liver and kidney damages. Methods: A total of 24 Wistar rats weighing between 83.24 g to 118.92 g were divided into six groups and were given tramadol, gin, lager beer and a concomitant dose of tramadol with lager beer and gin respectively, for 21 days. Results: The mean value significant decreased (p<0.05) in growth and body weight in concomitant intake of tramadol and lager beer of-91.40 ± 11.82*, a% and-16.73 ± 2.18*, a % respectively. Globulin level was 25.33 ± 0.61 g/l tramadol intake compared to 27.50 ± 0.22g/l in the control. There were significantly decreased ALP, ALT and AST, in gin, tramadol, and lager beer administration compared to control. A significant decrease (p<0.05) in HDL-c 0.67 ± 0.01mmo/l, RBC 4.65 ± 0.11*% in tramadol+lager beer intake. The histology revealed hepatic central vein congestion and cytolysis in liver tissue, while glomerular tubules congestion, cytolysis, narrower bowman space with a hypercellular mesangium and congested arterioles were also observed in kidney tissue. Conclusion: Tramadol intake, or in concomitant with gin or lager beer negatively affects the liver and kidney. This study also revealed that, the effect are more severe when tramadol is taken with lager beer.